BioHunter: April 2010

Frederick meischer (1868) first identified phosphate rich substances in hospital bandages puss cells. He had considered phosphate rich substances are called “Nuclein”.
Alberecht Kossel (Nobel prize, 1910) differentiated RNA and DNA in 1882.
In 1906, Kossel described the 4 bases in nucleic acids.
The term “Nucleic acid” was first coined by the scientist “Altmann”. The name given based on two characters one is based on the location (Nucleous-“Nucleic”) and nature (Acidic nature-“Acid”). The literal meaning is “the acidic phosphate rich substances present in Nucleous”, so the name was given as NUCLEIC ACID.
In 1931, Barbara McClintock showed the rearrangement of genes or mobile genes in chromosomes in corn (Nobel prize, 1983).
X-ray crystallographic studies on DNA by Maurice wilkins (Nobel prize, 1962) showed he details of structure of DNA.
Rosalind Franklin worked out the helical structure of DNA.
James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 deduced the double helical structure of DNA (Nobel prize 1962).

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Monday, April 26, 2010

Sample online test for CSIR UGC NET life science students

Just Click “Click Here” link and give ur name & Email ID. this test help by biotecnika.org

Test 1
Generalized full syllabus test on all India basis
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Test 2
Generalized full syllabus test on all india Basis
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Test 3
Cell organisation,Chromosomes,DNA-structure and replication,Evolution, RDT and genetic engineering

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Test 4

Proteins-
- structure,
- classification &
- properties,
Carbohydrates,
Fat metabolism,
Nitrogen metabolism
Vitamins

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Test 5

Enzymes,Coenzymes (Activators,Inhibitors)
Thermodynamics
Enzyme Kinetics
Enzyme activity regulation
pH (H.H Equation)

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Test 6

Nucleic Acid Structure
Genetic code
DNA Repair
DNA replication
Transcription
Translation

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Test 7

Cell division
cell organelle
- structure
- Function
Cell cell Interaction
Structure of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell

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Test 8

Bioenergetics,
glycolysis,
oxidative phosphorylation,
coupled reaction,
group transfer,
biological energy transducers

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Test 9

Amino Acid Metabolism
Cordinated control of metabolism
Biosynthesis of Purines & Pyrimidines
Oxidation of Lipids
Biosynthesis of Fatty acid, Triglyceride, Phospholipid and Sterol.

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Test 10
Cancer: Genetic rearrangements in progenitor cells, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cancer and the cell cycle, virus-induced cancer, metastasis, interaction of cancer cells with normal cells, apoptosis, therapeutic interventions of uncontrolled cell growth.
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Test 11
COMMON ELEMENTRY COMPUTER SCIENCE: dealing with basic computer awareness and uses
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Test 12

Principals and applications of Gel Filtration
Ion Exchange and affinity Chromatography
Thin layer and Gas chromatography
HPLC
Principals and applicationsNucleic Acid Hybridization and cot curve
Sequencieng of Proteins and nucleic acid
Southern, South-western, northern blotting
PCR

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ALL THE BEST

Source: biotecnika.org/net-jrf-coaching

Useful Downloads for CSIR-UGC-NET preparing students

This is the good sources to CSIR life science preparing students

· IIT JAM Previous Year Papers

· CSIR NET JRF Paper -2 Sample Question Paper (PDF format, 85 kb)

· IISc Entrance 2006 Question paper

· IISc Entrance 2008 Question Paper

· Download DBT JRF: Tips and tricks, how to prepare- class recording(16.39 MB, .exe format, requires adobe flash player)

· Download DBT JRF: Tips and Tricks, How to prepare Powerpoint(2.85 MB, PDF format)

· Download GATE Tips n Tricks eBook - Part 1

· CSIR NET JRF Subjective question Paper

· Special Class by Shikha Sinha: Part 2- 22nd march 2009

· Special Online Class on Molecular Biology Tools and Techniques - Class Recording - Conducted by Mrs Shikha Sinha for CSIR NET JRF Students ( 21.6 MB)

· GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS ( GMOs) & ENVIRONMENT

· CANCER TREATMENT BY HUMANIZED ANTIBODY

source: biotecnika.org

Liver is an important organ in the human body, which controls ...

The liver is an important organ in the human body. Aside from creating functional molecules and chemicals for the body, it also removes compounds that could possibly poison other organs. Understanding the liver's functions will help prevent liver ailments by learning how to eat better to protect the liver and avoid disease

The Facts
The liver is the biggest organ in the human body. It is found in the right upper section of the abdomen and extends to the top of the diaphragm. The top part is beneath the right lung, the left end is under the heart, the left bottom side is above the stomach, and the right bottom side is above the gall bladder and right kidney and is protected by the right rib cage. Its color is reddish brown and it has a smooth texture. It has four lobes. The liver is larger when the human body is in its infancy stage and reduces in size as the body grows older. It weighs in at 1.2 to 1.5 kg in the female body and 1.3 to 1.6 kg in the male body.

Function:
The liver's function in the human body is to help break down and distribute nutrients in food. Medicine and alcohol are also processed by the liver so that toxins can be removed. The liver produces many chemical compounds that help in various bodily functions, some of which are to help blood to clot, maintain the glucose level in blood by breaking down and transforming glucose into glycogen, and regulating levels of amino acids, the building blocks of protein.

Significance:
The human body cannot function without the liver since it is responsible for many of the processes that the body needs to survive. One major function of the liver is to treat everything that is ingested and produced by the body and turn it into useful chemicals that aid other organs in maintaining the human body's functions. Byproducts that are not needed by the body are turned into waste and excreted.

Considerations
Medications and alcohol have a strong effect on the liver's health. A perfectly functioning liver means that all the organs in the human body will operate just as well. Alcohol abuse and prolonged intake of certain medications change the liver's metabolism and will affect its functions, possibly leading to liver diseases like cirrhosis, hepatitis, liver cancer or Wilson's disease.

Prevention
Drink plenty of fresh water throughout the day to help the liver do its job. Add more fruits and vegetables to your diet and give your liver a rest from red meats and processed food. Eat only fresh food and avoid food that has been reheated more than once. The liver weeds out any bacteria ingested through food intake, and too much harmful bacteria may cause liver damage. Avoid excessive intake of alcohol or avoid it altogether to prevent damage to the liver.

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Monday, April 19, 2010

AUCET-Biochemistry-2009 previous paper

AUCET means Andhra University Common entrance test for Master of Science Admissions (M.Sc.-Biochemistry).

Now this was changed as Andhra University Region Post Graduation Common Entrance Test (AURPGCET) from 2010. but the pattern of the Common Entrance Test is the same. The given Previous papers are very useful to get good rank in AUCET examinations. just Download the AUCET BIOCHEMISTRY Previous paper of 2009 along with AURPGCET Broacher.

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DOWNLOAD the previous paper AUCET 2009 from here

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Immunology is the defense system in Animals & Plants

Immunology is the study of the immune response. It has tremendous advances in the last 3 decades. In Latin “Immunitis” means “Freedom from Burdens” It is the slogan of second world war soldiers. The Father of Immunology and microbiology is Louis Pasteur” (1822 to 1895).

Animal encounter many potentially dangerous microbes in air, water and food. They have evolved co-operative types of defense mechanism against the disease causing microbes. These mechanisms maintain homeostasis to keep the animals alive. Infact human body is a closed container. If a parasite is to establish it must first penetrate the layer of this container. Intact skin and its extension into the gastrointestinal, respiratory and urinary tracts represent the major form of infection and diseases.

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Essential Amino Acids are ...

A Low Kwality Fun In Watching M TV

Kwality (Quality)

Just imagine you are watching your favorite program in M TV but suddenly the program changed and the new program came about Amino acids which you don't like at that time.
Than you told to your friend

A Low Kwality Fun In Watching M TV

L = Leucine

K = Lysine

F= Phenylalanine

I= Isoleucine

W= Tryptophan

M= Methionine

T= Threonine

V= Valine

A= Arginine

Enzymes are Bio catalysts, these are classified into

Enzymes are classified into six major groups on the basis of the type of the reaction they catalyze.

These are

Oxidoreductases
Transferases
Hydrolases
Lyases
Isomerases
Ligases (synthases)

Key - Just Imagine that there is an electron ē, which get transferred to the molecule of water(H₂O). This molecule get break and form its Isomer. After some time it again synthesized into Water(H₂O).

Collect information from bold words

electron ē Oxidoreductases (Transfer of electrons)

transferred Transferases (Transfer of functional group)

water(H₂O) Hydrolases (Hydrolysis reaction)

break Lyases (Cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds)

Isomer Isomerases (Transfer of Groups within a molecule)

synthesized Ligases (synthases) (ligase)

BioHunter

Pages

Friday, April 30, 2010

GATE –XL Previous Papers - 2009

Life Science Tutorial Animations

Chemistry animation

Biology lectures videos

PCR Mutagenesis

Genetic Engineering of Insulin

Gel Filtration Chromatography

Ion-exchange Chromatography

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

The Mechanism of the RuBP Carboxylase Reaction

PHOTOSYNTHESIS & ETC

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olc/dl/120072/bio13.swf

CSIR UGC NET life sciences June 2007 paper

CSIR UGC NET life sciences December 2007 paper

CSIR UGC NET life science June 2008 paper

CSIR UGC NET December 2008 paper

CSIR NET Life sciences previous papers

Historical Aspects of nucleic acids

DOWNLOAD your copy

Monday, April 26, 2010

Sample online test for CSIR UGC NET life science students

ALL THE BEST

Useful Downloads for CSIR-UGC-NET preparing students

Liver is an important organ in the human body, which controls ...

Monday, April 19, 2010

AUCET-Biochemistry-2009 previous paper

Immunology is the defense system in Animals & Plants

Essential Amino Acids are ...

Enzymes are Bio catalysts, these are classified into

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