(a) Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694), an Italian microscopist, studied the structure of plants. He believed that the plants are composed of separate structural units which he called “utricles”.
(b) Robert Hooke (1635-1703), examined thin slices of cork (dead outer bark of an oak) under his microscope. He saw hundreds of very small hexagonal ‘boxes’ or ‘chambers’ which are together appeared like a ‘honeycomb’. The term ‘cell’ was coined by Robert Hooke to denote these chambers. His observations, alongwith the figures, were published in 1665 in Micrographia.
(c) Anton von Leeuwenhoek, 1674, using good quality simple lenses (magnifying upto 200 times) observed unicellular organisms and called them ‘wild animalcules’. In this way, he was the first to observe “living and moving individual” cells as compared to the “fixed” cells seen by earlier workers.
(d) H.J.Dutrochet (1824), a French scientist, boiled some tissues and separated the cells from one another. He expressed the idea of individual cells i.e., cells were not just spaces between a network of fibres, but that these were separate and separable units.
(Thanks for IFAS, Jodhpur)
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Introduction to cell for CSIR NET
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